Noocyo iska caabin ah oo la sii dayn doono dabayaaqada sanadkan kuwa wax beera
Khasaaraha Strawberry ka fusarium wilt waxay noqon kartaa khatar yar ka dib markii cilmi-baarayaasha Jaamacadda California, Davis, ay heleen hiddo-wade u adkaysta cudurrada dilaaga ah ee ciidda ka dhasha.
Natiijooyinka, oo lagu daabacay joornaalka Hiddaha Aragtida ah iyo kuwa la dabaqay, waa gebogebadii shaqo dhowr sano ah, daah-furka ayaa kaa caawin doona ka hortagga khasaaraha cudurrada, ayuu yiri Steve Knapp, agaasimaha Barnaamijka Taranka Strawberry ee UC Davis.
"Waxa aan halkan ku qabanay waa muhiim waxayna qiimo u leedahay warshadaha waxayna ilaalin doontaa beeralayda," ayuu yiri Knapp.
Strawberries waa dalagga muhiimka ah ee California, halkaas oo qiyaastii 1.8 bilyan oo rodol oo miro nafaqo leh la beero sannad kasta, taasoo ka dhigaysa qiyaastii 88% waxa laga soo goosto Maraykanka.
Helitaanka hiddo-wadaha ayaa ka hortagi kara a fusarium faafitaanka faafa.
"Cudurku waxa uu bilaabay in uu marar badan u soo baxo kor iyo hoosba gobolka," ayuu yidhi Glenn Cole, oo ah taranta iyo maareeyaha beerta ee Barnaamijka Taranka Strawberry. "Markii uu wilt soo galo, geedka uun baa burbura. Guud ahaan waad dhimanaysaa.”
Raadinta caabbinta
Saynisyahanada UC Davis ayaa kumanaan dhir strawberry ah ku baadhay kuliyada xanaanada beeraha iyo deegaanka waxayna ka qaadeen muunado DNA ah. Kadib waxay adeegsadeen baadhista hidde-sidaha waxayna sameeyeen baadhitaano DNA si ay u aqoonsadaan hidde-sideyaasha u adkaysta isirka aasaasiga ah fusarium raba.
"Hidoskoobyadu waxay ku dul sabeynayeen jeermiska strawberry kumanaan sano," Cole ayaa yiri, laakiin qofna kama shaqeynin inuu aqoonsado.
Horumarkan ugu dambeeyay wuxuu keenayaa "strawberry qarniga 21aad marka loo eego xallinta dhibaatadan," ayuu yiri Knapp.
Ilaalinta dalagga mustaqbalka
Shaqadani waxay ka dhigan tahay taran-bixiyeyaasha inay soo bandhigi karaan hiddo-wadaha u adkaysta noocyada strawberry mustaqbalka. Dayrtan barnaamijku waxa uu sii dayn doonaa cultivars cusub oo leh fusarium hidda-wadaha iska caabinta. Iyo qalabka lagu ogaanayo DNA-da ayaa ka caawin doona taranta inay ka jawaabaan kuwa cusub fusarium kala duwanaansho soo koraysa.
"Waxaa jiri doona hanjabaado cusub, waxaana dooneynaa inaan u diyaargarowno," ayuu yiri Knapp. "Waxaan rabnaa inaan fahanno sida ay tani uga shaqeyso strawberries si marka ay khataro cusub u soo baxaan, waxaan uga hortagi karnaa sida ugu dhaqsaha badan."
"Haddii aadan haysan fusarium iska caabin, waad dhammaatay,” Cole ayaa yidhi. "Cudurku wuxuu ahaan karaa in ka badan intaad u malaynayso."
fusarium wilt dhaqan ahaan ma ahayn arrin, laakiin markii fumigant methyl bromide la baabi'iyay 2005, arrimuhu way isbeddeleen. Cudurku wuxuu ku jiray carrada, oo qiiqa la'aanteed, xaaladaha sii qulqulaya ayaa kor u kacay, gaar ahaan meelaha aan dalaggu wareegeynin.
Taranta noocyo cusub
Knapp iyo Cole waxay ku wargeliyeen warshadaha noocyada strawberry ee hadda jira ee leh caabbinta si ay u doortaan dhirta leh ilaalinta dheeraadka ah. Noocyada cusub ee u adkaysta ee soo baxaya dabayaaqada sanadkan waxay ku haboonaan doonaan dhowr xilli oo sii kordhaya.
"Waa heshiis weyn," Cole ayaa yidhi. "Wax walbaa way sii kordhayaan taranta dhirta, laakiin waa heshiis weyn."
Saynis yahanada dhirta ayaa ku taranta strawberries UC Davis tan iyo 1930-meeyadii, waxayna sii daayeen in ka badan 60 nooc oo patented iyada oo loo marayo barnaamijka taranka dadweynaha.
Dhammaan shaqadu waxay ka dhacday UC Davis. Dominique Pincot, Mitchell Feldmann, Mishi Vachev, Marta Bjornson, Alan Rodriguez, Randi Famula iyo Gitta Coaker oo ka socda Waaxda Sayniska Dhirta, iyo Thomas Gordon oo ka socda Waaxda Cilmi-baarista Dhirta ayaa gacan ka geystay cilmi-baarista, sidoo kale Michael Hardigan iyo Peter Henry, kuwaas oo hadda waxay joogaan Waaxda Beeraha ee Adeegga Cilmi-baarista Beeraha ee Mareykanka, iyo Nicholas Cobo, oo dhigta Jaamacadda La Frontera ee Chile.
Cilmi-baarista waxaa maalgelisay UC Davis iyo deeqo ka timid Machadka Qaranka ee USDA ee Cuntada iyo Beeraha ee Initiative Cilmi-baarista Dalagga Gaarka ah.
Xigasho: https://www.ucdavis.edu